Define sister chromatids Meaning and Definition
sister chromatids
Pronunciation
/ˈsɪstər krəˈmætɪdz/
Part of Speech
Noun
Definition
sister chromatids are identical copies of DNA that are joined together at a region called the centromere during cell division, specifically during the prophase of mitosis or meiosis.
Examples
- During cell division, the sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
- The process of separating sister chromatids is crucial for the proper distribution of genetic material to daughter cells.
Synonyms
- Homologous chromosomes
- Identical chromosomes
Antonyms
- Non-identical chromosomes
- Homologous chromosomes (in the context of non-identical chromosomes)
Etymology
The term “sister chromatids” comes from the Greek words “sister” (meaning identical) and “chromatid” (meaning colored thread), referring to the identical copies of DNA that are joined together.
Usage Notes
The term “sister chromatids” is typically used in the context of cell biology and genetics, particularly when discussing the process of cell division and the separation of genetic material.
Cultural References
The concept of sister chromatids has been referenced in various scientific and educational contexts, including textbooks, documentaries, and online resources.
Idiomatic Expressions or Phrases
No idiomatic expressions or phrases are directly related to the term “sister chromatids” due to its specific and technical nature.
Related Words or Phrases
Related words or phrases include “chromatid,” “chromosome,” “cell division,” and “mitosis.”.
Collocations
Common collocations with “sister chromatids” include “separate,” “join,” “merge,” and “divide.”.
Frequency of Use
The term “sister chromatids” is relatively infrequent in everyday language, but it is commonly used in scientific and educational contexts.
Common Misspellings
Common misspellings of “sister chromatids” include “sister chromats,” “sister chromosmes,” and “sister chromasomes.”.
Additional Information
sister chromatids are crucial for the proper distribution of genetic material to daughter cells during cell division. They are formed through the replication of DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle.
The process of separating sister chromatids is crucial for the integrity of genetic material. If sister chromatids are not properly separated, it can lead to genetic abnormalities, including chromosomal rearrangements and aneuploidy.
sister chromatids are conserved across different species, indicating their importance in maintaining genetic stability.
Etymology
The term “sister chromatids” was first introduced in the early 20th century to describe the identical copies of DNA that are joined together at the centromere.
The concept of sister chromatids has been crucial in the development of modern genetics and cell biology, particularly in understanding the mechanisms of cell division and genetic inheritance.
Usage Notes
The term “sister chromatids” should be used carefully, as it is not mutually exclusive with other terms, such as “chromatid” and “chromosome.”
When using the term “sister chromatids,” it is essential to clarify the context of cell division, particularly whether it is referring to mitosis or meiosis.
Related Words or Phrases
The following words or phrases are related to “sister chromatids”:
Collocations
The following words or phrases are commonly used with “sister chromatids”:
Frequency of Use
The term “sister chromatids” is relatively infrequent in everyday language, but it is commonly used in scientific and educational contexts.
Common Misspellings
Common misspellings of “sister chromatids” include: