Electrons Meaning and Definition
Electrons
Pronunciation
/ɪˈlɛktɹɒn/
Part of Speech
Noun
Definition
A subatomic particle with a negative charge, found orbiting the nucleus of an atom, responsible for the conductivity and chemical properties of elements.
Examples
- The electron configuration of an atom determines its chemical properties.
- Electrons flow through a wire when an electric current is applied.
Synonyms
- Particle
- Charge
Antonyms
- Proton
- Neutron
Additional Information
Electrons are a fundamental component of atoms, and their arrangement in energy levels determines the chemical properties of an element. Electrons are also responsible for the conductivity of materials, and their flow through a wire is the basis of electric currents. Electrons have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons, and are negatively charged.
In chemistry, electrons are involved in chemical reactions, where they are transferred or shared between atoms to form bonds. This electron exchange is the basis of chemical reactions, and is responsible for the formation of molecules.
The term “electron” was coined by Irish physicist George Johnstone Stoney in 1891, from the Greek word “ēlektron”, meaning “amber”, as he was studying the properties of amber and its ability to attract light objects.
Usage Notes
In scientific contexts, the term “electron” is often used to refer to the subatomic particle itself, while in more general contexts, it may refer to the flow of electrons in an electric current.
Cultural References
In popular culture, electrons are often depicted as tiny, negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus of an atom, and are commonly used as a symbol for science and technology.
Idiomatic Expressions or Phrases
Electrons are often used in idiomatic expressions, such as “electronic age” or “electronic music”, to refer to the use of technology and digital media.
Related Words or Phrases
Proton, neutron, atom, molecule, ion, electron cloud
Collocations
Electron flow, electron configuration, electron orbit, electron spin, electron shell
Frequency of Use
The term “electron” is commonly used in scientific and technical contexts, and is less frequently used in general conversation.
Common Misspellings
Electon, eletron, electronn, elecktron