Spinal cord Meaning and Definition

Pronunciation

/ˈspɪnəlˌkɔːrd/ 🔊

Part of Speech

Noun

Definition

A long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the base of the brain down to the lower back, and plays a crucial role in transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body.

Examples

• The spinal cord is protected by the spinal column, a series of vertebrae that provide structural support and protection.
• A spinal cord injury can result in paralysis or loss of sensation in various parts of the body.

Synonyms

• vertebral column
• nervous tissue

Antonyms

• Brain
• Peripheral nervous system

Etymology

The word “spinal cord” comes from the Latin “spina,” meaning “thorn” or “backbone,” and “cor,” meaning “heart.” The term was first used in the 17th century to describe the structure that connects the brain to the rest of the body.

Usage Notes

The term “spinal cord” is often used interchangeably with “vertebral column,” but technically speaking, the vertebral column is the series of vertebrae that support the spinal cord, while the spinal cord is the actual nervous tissue that runs through the column.

Additional Information

The spinal cord is a complex and vital structure that plays a crucial role in controlling various bodily functions, including sensation, movement, and cognition. It is comprised of nerve cells, nerve fibers, and neurological pathways that work together to transmit and process information between the brain and the rest of the body. In addition to its role in transmitting messages, the spinal cord also contains specialized nerve cells that serve as the body’s “relays” to the brain, helping to regulate various functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.

The spinal cord is susceptible to injury or damage, which can occur due to various factors such as trauma, infection, or degenerative disorders. In some cases, spinal cord injuries can result in temporary or permanent damage, leading to impairments in sensory and motor function, as well as changes in cognitive and emotional processing.