What is a surname Meaning and Definition
What is a surname
Pronunciation
/ˈwɑt ɪz ə ˈsərn.eɪm/
Part of Speech
Noun
Definition
A family name, typically passed down from one’s parents or ancestors, used to identify an individual or their family affiliation.
Examples
- Her surname is Smith.
- The surname Johnson is of English origin.
Synonyms
- Family name
- Last name
Antonyms
- First name
- Given name
Additional Information
A surname can reveal information about an individual’s ancestry, cultural heritage, and family history. It is often used in conjunction with a given name to create a full name. Surnames have evolved over time, with some families adopting new names while others retain traditional ones. In some cultures, surnames are matrilineal, passed down from mother to child.
In modern times, surnames have become an important aspect of identity and are often used in official documents, such as passports and identification cards.
Etimology
The word “surname” has its roots in Old English, derived from the words “sur” meaning “above” and “name” meaning “name”. The term has been in use since the 14th century to describe a family name.
Usage Notes
A surname should be used in formal and informal contexts to address or refer to an individual. It is also commonly used in genealogical research to trace family histories and connections.
Cultural References
Surnames have appeared in popular culture, such as in literature, film, and television. For example, the surname “Potter” is famous for its association with the Harry Potter book series.
Idiomatic Expressions or Phrases
- Take someone’s name in vain
- Carry the name
Related Words or Phrases
- Family tree
- Genealogy
Collocations
- FULL NAME: first name and surname
- FAMILY NAME: shared surname among family members
Frequency of Use
The word “surname” is commonly used in everyday language, with a moderate frequency of appearance in written and spoken contexts.
Common Misspellings
- Surame
- Surnam